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1. Oxygen consumption rates and levels of spontaneous activity were recorded simultaneously for mice, both singly and in groups, over 24 hr periods at temperatures ranging from 8 to 37° C.
2. There was marked 24 hr variation in both metabolic rate and activity, with maxima during the night; the amplitude of the variation diminished at the lower environmental temperatures.
3. At 28-33° C environmental temperatures, increased activity was associated with an increased oxygen consumption rate.
4. At 8 and 15° C, increased activity was accompanied by only a small increase in oxygen consumption.
5. These results show that thermogenesis from spontaneous activity can take the place of thermoregulatory heat production in the cold.
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