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1. A method is described for the accurate estimation of small quantities of 17-hydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione (17OH-progesterone) in blood and adrenal glands.

2. The dog adrenal was found to secrete 17OH-progesterone under conditions of operative stress at a rate of 5-10 µg/g tissue/hr. This is similar to the secretion rate of aldosterone.

3. The secretion of 17OH-progesterone was decreased after hypophysectomy and increased in response to adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH).

4. The adrenal gland of the dog, the monkey and the guinea-pig was found to contain between 0·6 and 6 µg of 17OH-progesterone/g tissue. The concentration was usually somewhat smaller than that of pregnenolone or progesterone and between 1 and 20% of the concentrations of the glucocorticoids.

5. A comparison of adrenal steroid contents and secretion rates under conditions of stress indicates a rate of synthesis in the order of 30-40 n-moles of 17OH-progesterone/g adrenal tissue/min.