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1. The changes in urinary and renal tissue composition in conscious rats were determined for up to 2 hr following the cessation of intravenous infusion of lysine vasopressin, LVP (at 60 µu./min. 100 g body wt. for 4 hr). A constant water load (4% body wt.) was maintained during and after lysine vasopressin infusion, by quantitative replacement of excreted water. In these circumstances, any changes in urinary and renal tissue composition are presumed to represent direct consequences of the rapid plasma and tissue clearance of lysine vasopressin.

2. Urinary flow increased and osmolality decreased, rapidly, reaching stable values characteristic of sustained water diuresis after about 60 min.

3. The steepness of the corticomedullary solute concentration gradients also decreased rapidly. Papillary Na and urea concentrations fell to values characteristic of sustained water diuresis in about 45 min.

4. The changes in medullary composition were compounded of a moderate significant increase in water content, a moderate, significant decrease in Na content, and a profound decrease in urea content.

5. In the eventual steady-state water diuresis, urinary outputs of Na and K were significantly lower, and of NH₄ significantly higher, than those observed in control experiments where LVP infusion was continued for the corresponding 2 hr.

6. It is concluded that the diuresis following the cessation of LVP infusion is due not merely to reduced nephron permeability to water but also to a rapid reduction in the osmotic force responsible for water reabsorption from the collecting duct.

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