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1. Glomerular blood flow distribution was studied in seventy-eight new-born mongrel dogs aged 1-40 days by measuring the distribution of radioactive labelled microspheres within the kidney.

2. The microsphere technique was found to be a valid indicator of glomerular blood flow distribution for the new-born dog since (a) the spheres were completely extracted by the kidney, (b) more than 95% of the spheres were trapped in glomerular capillaries, (c) the spheres were evenly distributed within any specific region of the kidney and, (d) the spheres did not interfere with renal haemodynamics.

3. Plasma flow per gram tissue to inner cortical glomeruli, relative to that to outer cortical glomeruli, the IC/OC flow ratio, was high at birth, decreased over the first 2 weeks of life and remained relatively constant thereafter. Plasma flow per gram tissue to the outer cortex increased over the whole 40 day period while that to the inner cortex decreased slightly and then increased after 2 weeks.

4. The IC/OC flow ratio decreased in a curvilinear fashion as blood pressure rose with maturation. Acute increases or decreases in blood pressure in any animal produced decreases or increases, respectively, in the IC/OC flow ratio.

5. There was no correlation between the IC/OC flow ratio and renal extraction of p-amino-hippurate (E_PAH).

6. There was histological evidence that glomerular differentiation persists for 2 weeks during the post-natal period in the dog. This continuing post-natal glomerulogenesis takes place only in the outer cortex.

7. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that an important factor in renal maturation is a redistribution of blood flow within the kidney. As the animal matures a greater fraction of the total glomerular blood flow goes to outer cortical glomeruli. This is due partly to the continuing glomerular differentiation taking place in the outer cortical region and partly to the increasing arterial blood pressure occurring with maturation.