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1. The responses to sympathetic nerve stimulation and to the adrenal medullary hormones have been studied in the hind limb vascular beds of the anaesthetized rabbit.

2. Simultaneous measurements of femoral arterial blood pressure and of femoral venous blood flow indicate that stimulation of the sympathetic nerves decreases the calculated vascular conductance in both the intact and skinned hind limbs. Evidence is presented to show that these changes are due to vasoconstriction.

3. The vasoconstriction in both skin and muscle vascular beds reaches a maximum at frequencies of stimulation around 15 Hz. No vasodilatation is obtained at any frequency of stimulation.

4. The rabbit adrenal gland secretes only adrenaline during splanchnic nerve stimulation at frequencies between 3 and 60 Hz. The amounts liberated from both glands over this frequency range are 25-500 ng.kg body wt.^-1 min^-1.

5. Intravenous infusions of adrenaline in concentrations similar to those liberated by the adrenal glands during splanchnic nerve stimulation, and of noradrenaline, cause only vasoconstrictor responses in skin and muscle.

6. Simultaneous stimulation of the sympathetic nerves to the hind limb and infusion of adrenaline in quantities that could be liberated by splanchnic nerve stimulation at equivalent frequencies shows that the vasoconstrictor effects exerted by the individual components are additive, though the effects produced by the direct sympathetic nerve supply overshadow those produced by the catecholamine.

7. The results are discussed in the context of the possible vascular role of the adrenal medullary hormones in the rabbit.