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1. Choroid plexus from the lateral ventricle in the adult rat was found to contain approximately 54 m-equiv Na⁺ and 89 m-equiv K⁺ per kg wet tissue.

2. The total water (79%), the extracellular space (21%) and the red blood cell volume (8-9%) in choroid plexus were quantified separately by analysing the distribution of [¹⁴C]antipyrine, [¹⁴C]inulin and ⁵¹Cr-tagged erythrocytes, respectively, between this tissue and plasma water.

3. The tissue electrolyte data together with the compartmental (space) data were used to calculate an average concentration of Na⁺ (39 m-equiv/kg cell H₂O) and of K⁺ (144) in the choroid cell.

4. Under various experimental conditions known to stimulate or inhibit the Na⁺—K⁺ transport system in other tissues, there were significant changes (10-40 m-equiv/kg cell H₂O) in the concentrations of both these cations in the plexus epithelial cells.

5. Choroid cell K⁺ was not independent of the concentration of K⁺ in plasma since substantial fluctuations in cell K⁺ occurred in rats rendered either hypo- or hyperkalaemic; also, the choroid cell apparently cannot maintain a constant gradient between itself and c.s.f. in the face of kalaemic disturbances.

6. Evidence is offered to support the hypothesis that the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle has a Na⁺—K⁺ pump, the operation of which contributes to the maintenance of K⁺ homoeostasis in the C.N.S.

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