| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
1. Changes in muscle size have been studied as a function of time after immobilization and in relation to the functional length of the muscle. 2. When immobilized in a shortened position the soleus and extensor digitorum longus muscles underwent atrophy, showing net losses of tissue protein. This atrophy appears to be caused by decreases in protein synthesis and increases in protein break-down. Average rates of protein synthesis and degradation were measured in immobilized and unrestrained control muscles by sensitive in vitro methods. 3. When the two muscles were held in a lengthened position they grew compared with internal controls. This rapid growth was primarily due to increased rats of protein synthesis, which possibly arise from a more active involvement of ribosomes in translation. In keeping with these situations of growth, DNA synthesis, DNA and RNA concentrations were found to be higher in the immobilized tissues. 4. Passive stretch and the development of isometric tension via the stretch reflux are suggested as factors stimulating protein synthesis, and hence inducing the growth of muscles held in the lengthened state. Probably neither of these factors will be experienced appreciably in the shortened position of restraint, and the lower level of activity in these immobilized muscles leads to their atrophy.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  M. D. de Boer, A. Selby, P. Atherton, K. Smith, O. R. Seynnes, C. N. Maganaris, N. Maffulli, T. Movin, M. V. Narici, and M. J. Rennie The temporal responses of protein synthesis, gene expression and cell signalling in human quadriceps muscle and patellar tendon to disuse J. Physiol., November 15, 2007; 585(1): 241 - 251. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. L. Symonds, R. S. James, and C. E. Franklin Getting the jump on skeletal muscle disuse atrophy: preservation of contractile performance in aestivating Cyclorana alboguttata (Gunther 1867) J. Exp. Biol., March 1, 2007; 210(5): 825 - 835. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M Khalid, A Brannigan, and T Burke Calf muscle wasting after tibial shaft fracture Br. J. Sports Med., June 1, 2006; 40(6): 552 - 553. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 X. D. Wang, F. Kawano, Y. Matsuoka, K. Fukunaga, M. Terada, M. Sudoh, A. Ishihara, and Y. Ohira Mechanical load-dependent regulation of satellite cell and fiber size in rat soleus muscle Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, April 1, 2006; 290(4): C981 - C989. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. J. Krawiec, R. A. Frost, T. C. Vary, L. S. Jefferson, and C. H. Lang Hindlimb casting decreases muscle mass in part by proteasome-dependent proteolysis but independent of protein synthesis Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, December 1, 2005; 289(6): E969 - E980. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. M. Piccone, G. A. Brazeau, and K. M. McCormick Effect of oestrogen on myofibre size and myosin expression in growing rats Exp Physiol, January 1, 2005; 90(1): 87 - 93. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. M. Zdanowicz and S. Teichberg Effects of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1/Binding Protein-3 Complex on Muscle Atrophy in Rats Experimental Biology and Medicine, September 1, 2003; 228(8): 891 - 897. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. S. Chockalingam, R. Cholera, S. A. Oak, Y. Zheng, H. W. Jarrett, and D. B. Thomason Dystrophin-glycoprotein complex and Ras and Rho GTPase signaling are altered in muscle atrophy Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, August 1, 2002; 283(2): C500 - C511. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. Droge Free Radicals in the Physiological Control of Cell Function Physiol Rev, January 1, 2002; 82(1): 47 - 95. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. A Shaffer, E. Okereke, J. L Esterhai Jr, M. A Elliott, G. A Walter, S. H Yim, and K. Vandenborne Effects of Immobilization on Plantar-Flexion Torque, Fatigue Resistance, and Functional Ability Following an Ankle Fracture Physical Therapy, August 1, 2000; 80(8): 769 - 780. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. E. Bishop and G. Lindahl Regulation of cardiovascular collagen synthesis by mechanical load Cardiovasc Res, April 1, 1999; 42(1): 27 - 44. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Mitchell, T. Steenstrup, and K. Hannon Expression of fibroblast growth factor family during postnatal skeletal muscle hypertrophy J Appl Physiol, January 1, 1999; 86(1): 313 - 319. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. W. Booth, W. Lou, M. T. Hamilton, and Z. Yan Cytochrome c mRNA in skeletal muscles of immobilized limbs J Appl Physiol, November 1, 1996; 81(5): 1941 - 1945. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
