| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Department of Physiology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT
1. Apparatus for applying a step change of length to an isolated muscle fibre is described. The step was complete in about 0·2 ms.
2. Effects of tendon compliance were eliminated by using a spot-follower device and by gripping the tendons with metal clips close to the fibre ends.
3. The natural frequency of the force transducer was above 10 kHz.
4. Steps of various amplitudes and in either direction were applied to isolated muscle fibres about 6 mm long from the anterior tibial muscle of Rana temporaria during tetanic stimulation. Initial sarcomere length was 2·0-2·2 µm, and temperature was 0-3 °C.
5. The tension response to a step could be divided into four phases. The initial response was an apparently elastic change during the step itself (phase 1). After the step was completed there was a rapid partial recovery towards the original tension (phase 2, lasting 2-5 ms), followed by a slowing or reversal of recovery (phase 3, 10-50 ms), and finally a much slower return to the original tension (phase 4). Most of this paper is concerned with phases 1 and 2.
6. The initial tension change (phase 1) occurred synchronously with the applied length change, indicating that the fibres possess a compliance which is almost linear and almost undamped. Its stiffness is such that an instantaneous shortening of about 4 nm per half-sarcomere would bring the tension to zero from its isometric value.
7. The absence of detectable damping during phase 1 indicates that the viscosity of a stimulated fibre is substantially less than the apparent viscosity of a fibre at rest.
8. The instantaneous force—extension curve approached the length axis at a sharp angle and a negative tension appeared at the force transducer when a very large step was applied. These observations suggest that the structures responsible for the stiffness of the fibre remain rigid when they are not under tension.
9. During the few milliseconds after the step (phase 2) the tension recovered part of the way toward the level which existed before the step. In shortening steps the time course of this recovery was adequately fitted by the sum of four exponential terms, and was similar in steps of different amplitude but with a time scale shorter the larger the step. In stretches the slow components were relatively larger than in releases.
10. The tension level, T2, approached during phase 2 depended only on the total amplitude of the step and not on the time course of the length change, provided it was complete in 1-2 ms. The extreme tension reached during a step could thus vary widely without detectable change in T2.
11. With stretches and releases of up to about 3 nm per half-sarcomere this early recovery was almost complete, so that the curve of T2 against step amplitude was nearly horizontal. With larger releases the line curved downwards, reaching zero in a release of about 14 nm per half-sarcomere.
12. When the temperature was raised both the developed tension and the stiffness increased, but the relative increase was greater for tension than for stiffness. The amount of instantaneous shortening needed to bring tension to zero was therefore also increased.
13. A set of empirical equations is given which describe adequately the first few milliseconds of the tension change in response to any imposed time course of shortening.
14. The rapid elasticity and early tension recovery resemble the response of a combination of two elastic components and one viscous component. Reasons are given for preferring an interpretation in terms of an undamped compliance in series with a damped compliance (Voigt element) rather than an undamped elasticity in parallel with a series combination of viscous and elastic components (Maxwell element).
15. The rapid compliance does not correspond to the `series elastic component' of two-component theories of muscle contraction.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  S. R. Bullimore, B. R. MacIntosh, and W. Herzog Is a parallel elastic element responsible for the enhancement of steady-state muscle force following active stretch? J. Exp. Biol., September 15, 2008; 211(18): 3001 - 3008. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Colombini, M. Nocella, G. Benelli, G. Cecchi, and M. A. Bagni Effect of temperature on cross-bridge properties in intact frog muscle fibers Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, April 1, 2008; 294(4): C1113 - C1117. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Colombini, M. Nocella, G. Benelli, G. Cecchi, and M. A. Bagni Crossbridge properties during force enhancement by slow stretching in single intact frog muscle fibres J. Physiol., December 1, 2007; 585(2): 607 - 615. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. M. Palmer, T. Suzuki, Y. Wang, W. D. Barnes, M. S. Miller, and D. W. Maughan Two-State Model of Acto-Myosin Attachment-Detachment Predicts C-Process of Sinusoidal Analysis Biophys. J., August 1, 2007; 93(3): 760 - 769. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Colombini, M. A. Bagni, G. Romano, and G. Cecchi Characterization of actomyosin bond properties in intact skeletal muscle by force spectroscopy PNAS, May 29, 2007; 104(22): 9284 - 9289. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. V. Smolensky and L. E. Ford The extensive length-force relationship of porcine airway smooth muscle J Appl Physiol, May 1, 2007; 102(5): 1906 - 1911. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Linari, M. Caremani, C. Piperio, P. Brandt, and V. Lombardi Stiffness and Fraction of Myosin Motors Responsible for Active Force in Permeabilized Muscle Fibers from Rabbit Psoas Biophys. J., April 1, 2007; 92(7): 2476 - 2490. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Colombini, M. A. Bagni, G. Cecchi, and P. J. Griffiths Effects of solution tonicity on crossbridge properties and myosin lever arm disposition in intact frog muscle fibres J. Physiol., January 1, 2007; 578(1): 337 - 346. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Brunello, P. Bianco, G. Piazzesi, M. Linari, M. Reconditi, P. Panine, T. Narayanan, W.I. Helsby, M. Irving, and V. Lombardi Structural changes in the myosin filament and cross-bridges during active force development in single intact frog muscle fibres: stiffness and X-ray diffraction measurements J. Physiol., December 15, 2006; 577(3): 971 - 984. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Yagi, H. Iwamoto, and K. Inoue Structural Changes of Cross-Bridges on Transition from Isometric to Shortening State in Frog Skeletal Muscle Biophys. J., December 1, 2006; 91(11): 4110 - 4120. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Smith and J. Sleep Strain-Dependent Kinetics of the Myosin Working Stroke, and How They Could Be Probed with Optical-Trap Experiments Biophys. J., November 1, 2006; 91(9): 3359 - 3369. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. K. Lappin, J. A. Monroy, J. Q. Pilarski, E. D. Zepnewski, D. J. Pierotti, and K. C. Nishikawa Storage and recovery of elastic potential energy powers ballistic prey capture in toads J. Exp. Biol., July 1, 2006; 209(13): 2535 - 2553. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. Andruchova, G. M. M. Stephenson, O. Andruchov, D. G. Stephenson, and S. Galler Myosin heavy chain isoform composition and stretch activation kinetics in single fibres of Xenopus laevis iliofibularis muscle J. Physiol., July 1, 2006; 574(1): 307 - 317. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. J. Pinniger, K. W. Ranatunga, and G. W. Offer Crossbridge and non-crossbridge contributions to tension in lengthening rat muscle: force-induced reversal of the power stroke J. Physiol., June 15, 2006; 573(3): 627 - 643. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Burton, R. M. Simmons, J. Sleep, R. M. Simmons, K. Burton, and D. A. Smith Kinetics of force recovery following length changes in active skinned single fibres from rabbit psoas muscle: with an Appendix: Analysis and modelling of the late recovery phase J. Physiol., June 1, 2006; 573(2): 305 - 328. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. B. Siththanandan, J. L. Donnelly, and M. A. Ferenczi Effect of Strain on Actomyosin Kinetics in Isometric Muscle Fibers Biophys. J., May 15, 2006; 90(10): 3653 - 3665. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. M. Swank, J. Braddock, W. Brown, H. Lesage, S. I. Bernstein, and D. W. Maughan An Alternative Domain Near the ATP Binding Pocket of Drosophila Myosin Affects Muscle Fiber Kinetics Biophys. J., April 1, 2006; 90(7): 2427 - 2435. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. Andruchov, O. Andruchova, Y. Wang, and S. Galler Dependence of cross-bridge kinetics on myosin light chain isoforms in rabbit and rat skeletal muscle fibres J. Physiol., February 15, 2006; 571(1): 231 - 242. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. E. Rassier and W. Herzog Relationship between force and stiffness in muscle fibers after stretch J Appl Physiol, November 1, 2005; 99(5): 1769 - 1775. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Decostre, P. Bianco, V. Lombardi, and G. Piazzesi Effect of temperature on the working stroke of muscle myosin PNAS, September 27, 2005; 102(39): 13927 - 13932. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Linari, E. Brunello, M. Reconditi, Y.-B. Sun, P. Panine, T. Narayanan, G. Piazzesi, V. Lombardi, and M. Irving The structural basis of the increase in isometric force production with temperature in frog skeletal muscle J. Physiol., September 1, 2005; 567(2): 459 - 469. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Yagi, H. Iwamoto, J. Wakayama, and K. Inoue Structural Changes of Actin-Bound Myosin Heads after a Quick Length Change in Frog Skeletal Muscle Biophys. J., August 1, 2005; 89(2): 1150 - 1164. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. W. Clemmens, M. Entezari, D. A Martyn, and M. Regnier Different effects of cardiac versus skeletal muscle regulatory proteins on in vitro measures of actin filament speed and force J. Physiol., August 1, 2005; 566(3): 737 - 746. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. J. Griffiths, M. A. Bagni, B. Colombini, H. Amenitsch, S. Bernstorff, C. C. Ashley, and G. Cecchi Myosin lever disposition during length oscillations when power stroke tilting is reduced Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, July 1, 2005; 289(1): C177 - C186. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. A. P. Edman Contractile properties of mouse single muscle fibers, a comparison with amphibian muscle fibers J. Exp. Biol., May 15, 2005; 208(10): 1905 - 1913. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Bagni, G. Cecchi, and B. Colombini Crossbridge properties investigated by fast ramp stretching of activated frog muscle fibres J. Physiol., May 15, 2005; 565(1): 261 - 268. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Burton, H. White, and J. Sleep Kinetics of muscle contraction and actomyosin NTP hydrolysis from rabbit using a series of metal-nucleotide substrates J. Physiol., March 15, 2005; 563(3): 689 - 711. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. V Smolensky, J. Ragozzino, S. H Gilbert, C. Y Seow, and L. E Ford Length-dependent filament formation assessed from birefringence increases during activation of porcine tracheal muscle J. Physiol., March 1, 2005; 563(2): 517 - 527. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. K. Tsaturyan, N. Koubassova, M. A. Ferenczi, T. Narayanan, M. Roessle, and S. Y. Bershitsky Strong Binding of Myosin Heads Stretches and Twists the Actin Helix Biophys. J., March 1, 2005; 88(3): 1902 - 1910. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. M. Swank, W. A. Kronert, S. I. Bernstein, and D. W. Maughan Alternative N-Terminal Regions of Drosophila Myosin Heavy Chain Tune Muscle Kinetics for Optimal Power Output Biophys. J., September 1, 2004; 87(3): 1805 - 1814. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. A. Smith and J. Sleep Mechanokinetics of Rapid Tension Recovery in Muscle: The Myosin Working Stroke Is Followed by a Slower Release of Phosphate Biophys. J., July 1, 2004; 87(1): 442 - 456. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Radzyukevich and K. A. P. Edman Effects of intracellular acidification and varied temperature on force, stiffness, and speed of shortening in frog muscle fibers Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, July 1, 2004; 287(1): C106 - C113. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Cooke The Sliding Filament Model: 1972-2004 J. Gen. Physiol., June 1, 2004; 123(6): 643 - 656. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Bagni, B. Colombini, P. Geiger, R. Berlinguer Palmini, and G. Cecchi Non-cross-bridge calcium-dependent stiffness in frog muscle fibers Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, June 1, 2004; 286(6): C1353 - C1357. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. S. Campbell and R. L. Moss SLControl: PC-based data acquisition and analysis for muscle mechanics Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, December 1, 2003; 285(6): H2857 - H2864. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Vilfan and T. Duke Instabilities in the Transient Response of Muscle Biophys. J., August 1, 2003; 85(2): 818 - 827. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Homsher, M. Nili, I. Y. Chen, and L. S. Tobacman Regulatory Proteins Alter Nucleotide Binding to Acto-Myosin of Sliding Filaments in Motility Assays Biophys. J., August 1, 2003; 85(2): 1046 - 1052. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. S. Davis and N. D. Epstein Kinetic Effects of Fiber Type on the Two Subcomponents of the Huxley-Simmons Phase 2 in Muscle Biophys. J., July 1, 2003; 85(1): 390 - 401. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. A. Martyn, P. B. Chase, M. Regnier, and A. M. Gordon A Simple Model with Myofilament Compliance Predicts Activation-Dependent Crossbridge Kinetics in Skinned Skeletal Fibers Biophys. J., December 1, 2002; 83(6): 3425 - 3434. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Liu and G. H. Pollack Mechanics of F-Actin Characterized with Microfabricated Cantilevers Biophys. J., November 1, 2002; 83(5): 2705 - 2715. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. E. Bartunek, V. A. Claes, and P. R. Housmans Effects of volatile anesthetics on elastic stiffness in isometrically contracting ferret ventricular myocardium J Appl Physiol, June 1, 2002; 92(6): 2491 - 2500. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Bagni, G. Cecchi, B. Colombini, and F. Colomo A Non-Cross-Bridge Stiffness in Activated Frog Muscle Fibers Biophys. J., June 1, 2002; 82(6): 3118 - 3127. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Dunaway, M. Fauver, and G. Pollack Direct Measurement of Single Synthetic Vertebrate Thick Filament Elasticity Using Nanofabricated Cantilevers Biophys. J., June 1, 2002; 82(6): 3128 - 3133. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. J. Griffiths, M. A. Bagni, B. Colombini, H. Amenitsch, S. Bernstorff, C. C. Ashley, and G. Cecchi Changes in myosin S1 orientation and force induced by a temperature increase PNAS, April 16, 2002; 99(8): 5384 - 5389. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Kohler, G. Winkler, I. Schulte, T. Scholz, W. McKenna, B. Brenner, and T. Kraft Mutation of the myosin converter domain alters cross-bridge elasticity PNAS, March 19, 2002; 99(6): 3557 - 3562. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. E. Bartunek, V. A. Claes, and P. R. Housmans Effects of volatile anesthetics on stiffness of mammalian ventricular muscle J Appl Physiol, October 1, 2001; 91(4): 1563 - 1573. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Maass-Moreno, T. Burdyga, R. W. Mitchell, C. Y. Seow, J. Ragozzino, and L. E. Ford Simple freezing apparatus for resolving rapid metabolic events associated with smooth muscle activation J Appl Physiol, June 1, 2001; 90(6): 2453 - 2459. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Y. Seow, V. R. Pratusevich, and L. E. Ford Series-to-parallel transition in the filament lattice of airway smooth muscle J Appl Physiol, September 1, 2000; 89(3): 869 - 876. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Linari, G. Piazzesi, I. Dobbie, N. Koubassova, M. Reconditi, T. Narayanan, O. Diat, M. Irving, and V. Lombardi From the Cover: Interference fine structure and sarcomere length dependence of the axial x-ray pattern from active single muscle fibers PNAS, June 20, 2000; 97(13): 7226 - 7231. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. D. Barb, A. B. Morris, R. Maass-Moreno, J. Ragozzino, and L. E. Ford Versatile, high-speed force transducer using a laser diode beam as an optical lever J Appl Physiol, January 1, 2000; 88(1): 308 - 314. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. A. J. Duke Molecular model of muscle contraction PNAS, March 16, 1999; 96(6): 2770 - 2775. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Ruf, H. Schulte-Baukloh, J. Ludemann, H. Posival, F. Beyersdorf, H. Just, and C. Holubarsch Alterations of cross-bridge kinetics in human atrial and ventricular myocardium Cardiovasc Res, December 1, 1998; 40(3): 580 - 590. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. P. Slawnych, L. Morishita, and B. H. Bressler Image-analysis-based assessment of the effects of the "Ca2+-jump" technique on sarcomere uniformity J Appl Physiol, September 1, 1998; 85(3): 955 - 961. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Takarada, H. Iwamoto, H. Sugi, Y. Hirano, and N. Ishii Stretch-induced enhancement of mechanical work production in frog single fibers and human muscle J Appl Physiol, November 1, 1997; 83(5): 1741 - 1748. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. M. L. Janssen and P. P. De Tombe Protein kinase A does not alter unloaded velocity of sarcomere shortening in skinned rat cardiac trabeculae Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 1997; 273(5): H2415 - H2422. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. P. Burghardt, S. P. Garamszegi, and K. Ajtai Probes bound to myosin Cys-707 rotate during length transients in contraction PNAS, September 2, 1997; 94(18): 9631 - 9636. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. D. Mehta, J. T. Finer, and J. A. Spudich Detection of single-molecule interactions using correlated thermal diffusion PNAS, July 22, 1997; 94(15): 7927 - 7931. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. J. Noonan, T. M. Best, A. V. Seaber, and W. E. Garrett JR Thermal effects on skeletal muscle tensile behavior Am. J. Sports Med., July 1, 1993; 21(4): 517 - 522. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Minajeva, C. Neagoe, M. Kulke, and W. A. Linke Titin-based contribution to shortening velocity of rabbit skeletal myofibrils J. Physiol., April 1, 2002; 540(1): 177 - 188. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Y. Bershitsky and A. K. Tsaturyan The elementary force generation process probed by temperature and length perturbations in muscle fibres from the rabbit J. Physiol., May 1, 2002; 540(3): 971 - 988. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
