HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text (PDF) Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Sundlöf, G. Articles by Wallin, B. G. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Sundlöf, G. Articles by Wallin, B. G.

1. Pulse synchronous bursts of multi-unit sympathetic activity was recorded from median or peroneal muscle nerve fascicles in fourteen subjects resting in the recumbent position. The neural activity was quantitated in terms of burst incidence, i.e. the number of bursts in the mean voltage neurogram/100 heart beats, during successive rest periods of 2-4 min.

2. For each individual the burst incidence was fairly constant between different rest periods but the mean burst incidence varied widely between individuals, the range being from less than 10 to more than 90 bursts/100 heart beats.

3. Simultaneous double nerve recordings were made on one subject from median and peroneal nerves and on eight subjects from the two peroneal nerves. There was always close similarity between the two records in such experiments regardless of which muscles the nerve fascicles innervated. When analysed separately the difference in burst incidence between the two sides ranged from 0·7 to 5·1 bursts/100 heart beats. The findings suggest that sympathetic neurones destined to skeletal muscles are subjected to a homogenous central drive and that contributions to the activity from ganglionic or segmental sources are of lesser importance.

4. On seven subjects repeated recordings at rest were made with intervals of 3 weeks—21 months between recordings. In each subject mean burst incidences were similar in all recordings (range of differences 0·5-11·2 bursts/100 heart beats) suggesting an individually constant level of sympathetic activity in muscle nerves.

5. For each individual the variability of burst amplitudes in the mean voltage neurogram was described by burst amplitude spectra. Most subjects had a relatively larger proportion of small than high amplitude bursts, but there was a tendency for more even amplitude distributions in subjects with high burst incidence. The finding may be an indication of interindividual differences in the average number of impulses/burst.

6. It is concluded that the multi-unit recording technique can be used for comparisons of the level of muscle nerve `sympathetic tone' between different subjects.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				B. E. Hunt, R. Tamisier, G. S. Gilmartin, M. Curley, A. Anand, and J. W. Weiss Baroreflex responsiveness during ventilatory acclimatization in humans Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, October 1, 2008; 295(4): H1794 - H1801. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. D. Hutchinson, D. L. Jardine, and M. Hurrell Vagolysis Age Ageing, September 1, 2008; 37(5): 602 - 604. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. E. Bharucha, N. Charkoudian, C. N. Andrews, M. Camilleri, D. Sletten, A. R. Zinsmeister, and P. A. Low Effects of glucagon-like peptide-1, yohimbine, and nitrergic modulation on sympathetic and parasympathetic activity in humans Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, September 1, 2008; 295(3): R874 - R880. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V Donadio, P Cortelli, F Falzone, E Bugiardini, A Giuliani, C Misciali, P Montagna, L Calza, and R Liguori Isolated generalised anhidrosis induced by postganglionic sympathetic skin nerve fibre degeneration: an incomplete Ross syndrome? J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, August 1, 2008; 79(8): 959 - 961. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. M. Fung, C. Nguyen, P. Mehtani, R. M. Salem, B. Perez, B. Thomas, M. Das, N. J. Schork, S. K. Mahata, M. G. Ziegler, et al. Genetic Variation Within Adrenergic Pathways Determines In Vivo Effects of Presynaptic Stimulation in Humans Circulation, January 29, 2008; 117(4): 517 - 525. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. M. Wenner, W. C. Rose, E. P. Delaney, M. E. Stillabower, and W. B. Farquhar Influence of plasma osmolality on baroreflex control of sympathetic activity Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, October 1, 2007; 293(4): H2313 - H2319. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. H. Simmons, J. M. Manson, and J. R. Halliwill Mild central chemoreflex activation does not alter arterial baroreflex function in healthy humans J. Physiol., September 15, 2007; 583(3): 1155 - 1163. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. Donadio, R. Liguori, M. Elam, T. Karlsson, P. Montagna, P. Cortelli, A. Baruzzi, and B. G. Wallin Arousal elicits exaggerated inhibition of sympathetic nerve activity in phobic syncope patients Brain, June 1, 2007; 130(6): 1653 - 1662. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Burns, M. U. Sivananthan, S. G. Ball, A. F. Mackintosh, D. A.S.G. Mary, and J. P. Greenwood Relationship Between Central Sympathetic Drive and Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Determined Left Ventricular Mass in Essential Hypertension Circulation, April 17, 2007; 115(15): 1999 - 2005. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. B. Farquhar, M. M. Wenner, E. P. Delaney, A. V. Prettyman, and M. E. Stillabower Sympathetic neural responses to increased osmolality in humans Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 2006; 291(5): H2181 - H2186. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S.-J. C. Lusina, P. M. Kennedy, J. T. Inglis, D. C. McKenzie, N. T. Ayas, and A. W. Sheel Long-term intermittent hypoxia increases sympathetic activity and chemosensitivity during acute hypoxia in humans J. Physiol., September 15, 2006; 575(3): 961 - 970. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. J. Barrett and C. P. Bolter The influence of heart rate on baroreceptor fibre activity in the carotid sinus and aortic depressor nerves of the rabbit Exp Physiol, September 1, 2006; 91(5): 845 - 852. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Charkoudian, M. J. Joyner, S. A. Barnes, C. P. Johnson, J. H. Eisenach, N. M. Dietz, and B. G. Wallin Relationship between muscle sympathetic nerve activity and systemic hemodynamics during nitric oxide synthase inhibition in humans Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, September 1, 2006; 291(3): H1378 - H1383. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Charkoudian, M. J. Joyner, L. A. Sokolnicki, C. P. Johnson, J. H. Eisenach, N. M. Dietz, T. B. Curry, and B. G. Wallin Vascular adrenergic responsiveness is inversely related to tonic activity of sympathetic vasoconstrictor nerves in humans J. Physiol., May 1, 2006; 572(3): 821 - 827. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Krum, E. Lambert, E. Windebank, D. J. Campbell, and M. Esler Effect of angiotensin II receptor blockade on autonomic nervous system function in patients with essential hypertension Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, April 1, 2006; 290(4): H1706 - H1712. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Lambert, E. Hotchkin, M. Alvarenga, C. Pier, J. Richards, D. Barton, T. Dawood, M. Esler, and G. Lambert Single-unit analysis of sympathetic nervous discharges in patients with panic disorder J. Physiol., February 1, 2006; 570(3): 637 - 643. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Murai, S. Takata, M. Maruyama, M. Nakano, D. Kobayashi, K.-i. Otowa, M. Takamura, T. Yuasa, S. Sakagami, and S. Kaneko The activity of a single muscle sympathetic vasoconstrictor nerve unit is affected by physiological stress in humans Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, February 1, 2006; 290(2): H853 - H860. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Charkoudian, J. H. Eisenach, M. J. Joyner, S. K. Roberts, and D. E. Wick Interactions of plasma osmolality with arterial and central venous pressures in control of sympathetic activity and heart rate in humans Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, December 1, 2005; 289(6): H2456 - H2460. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N Charkoudian, M. J Joyner, C. P Johnson, J. H Eisenach, N. M Dietz, and B. G Wallin Balance between cardiac output and sympathetic nerve activity in resting humans: role in arterial pressure regulation J. Physiol., October 1, 2005; 568(1): 315 - 321. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Muenter Swift, N. Charkoudian, R. M. Dotson, G. A. Suarez, and P. A. Low Baroreflex control of muscle sympathetic nerve activity in postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, September 1, 2005; 289(3): H1226 - H1233. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Q. Fu, S. Witkowski, K. Okazaki, and B. D. Levine Effects of gender and hypovolemia on sympathetic neural responses to orthostatic stress Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, July 1, 2005; 289(1): R109 - R116. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. P. Fisher, M. Sander, I. MacDonald, and M. J. White Decreased muscle sympathetic nerve activity does not explain increased vascular conductance during contralateral isometric exercise in humans Exp Physiol, May 1, 2005; 90(3): 377 - 382. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V Donadio, P Montagna, M Nolano, P Cortelli, C Misciali, G Pierangeli, V Provitera, A Casano, A Baruzzi, and R Liguori Generalised anhidrosis: different lesion sites demonstrated by microneurography and skin biopsy J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, April 1, 2005; 76(4): 588 - 591. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Q. Fu, R. Zhang, S. Witkowski, A. Arbab-Zadeh, A. Prasad, K. Okazaki, and B. D. Levine Persistent Sympathetic Activation During Chronic Antihypertensive Therapy: A Potential Mechanism for Long Term Morbidity? Hypertension, April 1, 2005; 45(4): 513 - 521. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. R. Halliwill and C. T. Minson Cardiovagal regulation during combined hypoxic and orthostatic stress: fainters vs. nonfainters J Appl Physiol, March 1, 2005; 98(3): 1050 - 1056. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. J. Huggett, J. Burns, A. F. Mackintosh, and D. A.S.G. Mary Sympathetic Neural Activation in Nondiabetic Metabolic Syndrome and Its Further Augmentation by Hypertension Hypertension, December 1, 2004; 44(6): 847 - 852. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				I. Bonyhay and R. Freeman Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Response to Hypotensive Stress in the Postural Tachycardia Syndrome Circulation, November 16, 2004; 110(20): 3193 - 3198. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Q. Fu, S. Witkowski, and B. D. Levine Vasoconstrictor Reserve and Sympathetic Neural Control of Orthostasis Circulation, November 2, 2004; 110(18): 2931 - 2937. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. D. Monahan, T. E. Wilson, and C. A. Ray Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation Augments Sympathetic Nerve Activity Responses to Physiological Stressors in Humans Hypertension, November 1, 2004; 44(5): 732 - 738. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Charkoudian, E. A. Martin, F. A. Dinenno, J. H. Eisenach, N. M. Dietz, and M. J. Joyner Influence of increased central venous pressure on baroreflex control of sympathetic activity in humans Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, October 1, 2004; 287(4): H1658 - H1662. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Oda, H. Asanoi, H. Ueno, K. Yamada, S. Joho, T. Kameyama, T. Hirai, T. Nozawa, S. Takashima, and H. Inoue Pulse-synchronous sympathetic burst power as a new index of sympathoexcitation in patients with heart failure Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, October 1, 2004; 287(4): H1821 - H1827. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Burns, D. A.S.G. Mary, A. F. Mackintosh, S. G. Ball, and J. P. Greenwood Arterial Pressure Lowering Effect of Chronic Atenolol Therapy in Hypertension and Vasoconstrictor Sympathetic Drive Hypertension, October 1, 2004; 44(4): 454 - 458. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. N. Graham, P. A. Smith, R. J. Huggett, J. B. Stoker, A. F. Mackintosh, and D. A.S.G. Mary Sympathetic Drive in Anterior and Inferior Uncomplicated Acute Myocardial Infarction Circulation, May 18, 2004; 109(19): 2285 - 2289. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. A. Smith, J. F. M. Meaney, L. N. Graham, J. B. Stoker, A. F. Mackintosh, D. A. S. G. Mary, and S. G. Ball Relationship of neurovascular compression to central sympathetic discharge and essential hypertension J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 21, 2004; 43(8): 1453 - 1458. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. B. Vallbo, K.-E. Hagbarth, and B. G. Wallin Microneurography: how the technique developed and its role in the investigation of the sympathetic nervous system J Appl Physiol, April 1, 2004; 96(4): 1262 - 1269. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Ichinose, M. Saito, H. Wada, A. Kitano, N. Kondo, and T. Nishiyasu Modulation of arterial baroreflex control of muscle sympathetic nerve activity by muscle metaboreflex in humans Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, February 1, 2004; 286(2): H701 - H707. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. G. Macefield and M. Elam Comparison of the firing patterns of human postganglionic sympathetic neurones and spinal {alpha} motoneurones during brief bursts Exp Physiol, January 1, 2004; 89(1): 82 - 88. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. J. Huggett, E. M. Scott, S. G. Gilbey, J. B. Stoker, A. F. Mackintosh, and D. A.S.G. Mary Impact of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Sympathetic Neural Mechanisms in Hypertension Circulation, December 23, 2003; 108(25): 3097 - 3101. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K Shindo, H Watanabe, H Tanaka, K Ohashi, T Nagasaka, S Tsunoda, and Z Shiozawa Age and duration related changes in muscle sympathetic nerve activity in Parkinson's disease J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, October 1, 2003; 74(10): 1407 - 1411. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Kamiya, D. Michikami, Q. Fu, S. Iwase, J. Hayano, T. Kawada, T. Mano, and K. Sunagawa Pathophysiology of orthostatic hypotension after bed rest: paradoxical sympathetic withdrawal Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 7, 2003; 285(3): H1158 - H1167. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. J.L.M. Timmers, J. M. Karemaker, W. Wieling, H. A.M. Marres, and J. W.M. Lenders Baroreflex Control of Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity After Carotid Body Tumor Resection Hypertension, August 1, 2003; 42(2): 143 - 149. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. S. Kimmerly and J. K. Shoemaker Hypovolemia and MSNA discharge patterns: assessing and interpreting sympathetic responses Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, April 1, 2003; 284(4): H1198 - H1204. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. M. Barman, P. J. Fadel, W. Vongpatanasin, R. G. Victor, and G. L. Gebber Basis for the cardiac-related rhythm in muscle sympathetic nerve activity of humans Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, February 1, 2003; 284(2): H584 - H597. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. A. Dinenno, N. M. Dietz, and M. J. Joyner Aging and Forearm Postjunctional {alpha}-Adrenergic Vasoconstriction in Healthy Men Circulation, September 10, 2002; 106(11): 1349 - 1354. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. R. Halliwill and C. T. Minson Effect of hypoxia on arterial baroreflex control of heart rate and muscle sympathetic nerve activity in humans J Appl Physiol, September 1, 2002; 93(3): 857 - 864. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. N. Graham, P. A. Smith, J. B. Stoker, A. F. Mackintosh, and D. A.S.G. Mary Time Course of Sympathetic Neural Hyperactivity After Uncomplicated Acute Myocardial Infarction Circulation, August 13, 2002; 106(7): 793 - 797. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. A. Smith, L. N. Graham, A. F. Mackintosh, J. B. Stoker, and D. A. S. G. Mary Sympathetic neural mechanisms in white-coat hypertension J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 3, 2002; 40(1): 126 - 132. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. A. IMADOJEMU, K. GLEESON, S. A. QURAISHI, A. R. KUNSELMAN, L. I. SINOWAY, and U. A. LEUENBERGER Impaired Vasodilator Responses in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Are Improved with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., April 1, 2002; 165(7): 950 - 953. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Narkiewicz, M. Winnicki, K. Schroeder, B. G. Phillips, M. Kato, E. Cwalina, and V. K. Somers Relationship Between Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity and Diurnal Blood Pressure Profile Hypertension, January 1, 2002; 39(1): 168 - 172. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. P. Greenwood, E. M. Scott, J. B. Stoker, and D. A. S. G. Mary Hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy: relation to peripheral sympathetic drive J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., November 15, 2001; 38(6): 1711 - 1717. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. P. Greenwood, E. M. Scott, J. B. Stoker, J. J. Walker, and D. A.S.G. Mary Sympathetic Neural Mechanisms in Normal and Hypertensive Pregnancy in Humans Circulation, October 30, 2001; 104(18): 2200 - 2204. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Q. Fu, S. Iwase, Y. Niimi, A. Kamiya, J. Kawanokuchi, J. Cui, T. Mano, and A. Suzumura Effects of lower body positive pressure on muscle sympathetic nerve activity response to head-up tilt Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, September 1, 2001; 281(3): R778 - R785. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Pawelczyk, J. H. Zuckerman, C. G. Blomqvist, and B. D. Levine Regulation of muscle sympathetic nerve activity after bed rest deconditioning Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, May 1, 2001; 280(5): H2230 - H2239. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Kienbaum, T. Heuter, M. C. Michel, N. Scherbaum, M. Gastpar, and J. Peters Chronic {micro}-Opioid Receptor Stimulation in Humans Decreases Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity Circulation, February 13, 2001; 103(6): 850 - 855. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Weitz, M. Elam, J. Born, H. L. Fehm, and C. Dodt Postmenopausal Estrogen Administration Suppresses Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 2001; 86(1): 344 - 348. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				Y. B. Sverrisdottir, B. Rundqvist, G. Johannsson, and M. Elam Sympathetic Neural Burst Amplitude Distribution : A More Specific Indicator of Sympathoexcitation in Human Heart Failure Circulation, October 24, 2000; 102(17): 2076 - 2081. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. T. Minson, J. R. Halliwill, T. M. Young, and M. J. Joyner Sympathetic Activity and Baroreflex Sensitivity in Young Women Taking Oral Contraceptives Circulation, September 26, 2000; 102(13): 1473 - 1476. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. Lee, J. K. Shoemaker, P. M. McQuillan, A. R. Kunselman, M. B. Smith, Q. X. Yang, H. Smith, K. Gray, and L. I. Sinoway Effects of forearm bier block with bretylium on the hemodynamic and metabolic responses to handgrip Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2000; 279(2): H586 - H593. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				I. A. Kerman, B. J. Yates, and R. M. McAllen Anatomic patterning in the expression of vestibulosympathetic reflexes Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, July 1, 2000; 279(1): R109 - R117. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. P. Greenwood, E. M. Scott, J. B. Stoker, and D. A. Mary Chronic I1-Imidazoline Agonism : Sympathetic Mechanisms in Hypertension Hypertension, June 1, 2000; 35(6): 1264 - 1269. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]