HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text (PDF) Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Landmesser, L Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Landmesser, L

1. Retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase was used to map the initial projection patterns of lumbosacral motoneurones to the embryonic chick hind limb. 2. The stage 28 segmental projection pattern to each of the four primary muscle masses was characteristic and indistinguishable from the stage 36 projection pattern to the sum of the muscles derived from that mass. In addition, the adductor motoneurone pool was found to be similar in position (both rostro-caudal and mediolateral) at stages 29, 30, 32, 33 1/2 and 36. 3. Therefore axons from lumbosacral motoneurones project for the most part only to appropriate regions from early times shortly after they grow into the limb bud. Furthermore, the attainment of the segmental projection pattern occurs prior to the normal time of, and therefore without the aid of, cell death. This conclusion was supported by electrophysiological recordings made from muscle nerves. 4. A regionalization of the projection patterns within a single muscle mass could be shown both anatomically and physiologically prior to the cleavage of the mass into individual muscles and the projections were in a general way appropriate for the muscles derived from those regions. 5. Therefore the process of muscle cleavage does not in itself create the specific projection patterns observed, and motoneurone axons appear to grow to and to ramify and make synapses only within regions which correspond to their adult muscles. 6. Finally, the termination site of each motoneurone axon in the early limb was found to be tightly correlated in a somatotopic fashion with the position occupied by its soma in the cord. This suggests that some feature of the motoneurone related to its position may be of importance in achieving the specific projection patterns observed.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				J.-P. Liu The function of growth/differentiation factor 11 (Gdf11) in rostrocaudal patterning of the developing spinal cord Development, August 1, 2006; 133(15): 2865 - 2874. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Soundararajan, G. B. Miles, L. L. Rubin, R. M. Brownstone, and V. F. Rafuse Motoneurons derived from embryonic stem cells express transcription factors and develop phenotypes characteristic of medial motor column neurons. J. Neurosci., March 22, 2006; 26(12): 3256 - 3268. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Stepanek, A. W. Stoker, E. Stoeckli, and J. L. Bixby Receptor Tyrosine Phosphatases Guide Vertebrate Motor Axons during Development J. Neurosci., April 13, 2005; 25(15): 3813 - 3823. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Eberhart, J. Barr, S. O'Connell, A. Flagg, M. E. Swartz, K. S. Cramer, K. W. Tosney, E. B. Pasquale, and C. E. Krull Ephrin-A5 Exerts Positive or Inhibitory Effects on Distinct Subsets of EphA4-Positive Motor Neurons J. Neurosci., February 4, 2004; 24(5): 1070 - 1078. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Vaidya, A. Pniak, G. Lemke, and A. Brown EphA3 Null Mutants Do Not Demonstrate Motor Axon Guidance Defects Mol. Cell. Biol., November 15, 2003; 23(22): 8092 - 8098. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. M. William, Y. Tanabe, and T. M. Jessell Regulation of motor neuron subtype identity by repressor activity of Mnx class homeodomain proteins Development, April 15, 2003; 130(8): 1523 - 1536. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Lance-Jones, N. Omelchenko, A. Bailis, S. Lynch, and K. Sharma Hoxd10 induction and regionalization in the developing lumbosacral spinal cord Development, June 15, 2001; 128(12): 2255 - 2268. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. R. Winnier, J. Y.-J. Meir, J. M. Ross, N. Tavernarakis, M. Driscoll, T. Ishihara, I. Katsura, and D. M. Miller III UNC-4/UNC-37-dependent repression of motor neuron-specific genes controls synaptic choice in Caenorhabditis elegans Genes & Dev., November 1, 1999; 13(21): 2774 - 2786. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				M. F. Usiak and L. T. Landmesser Neuromuscular Activity Blockade Induced by Muscimol and d-Tubocurarine Differentially Affects the Survival of Embryonic Chick Motoneurons J. Neurosci., September 15, 1999; 19(18): 7925 - 7939. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. D. Milner and L. T. Landmesser Cholinergic and GABAergic Inputs Drive Patterned Spontaneous Motoneuron Activity before Target Contact J. Neurosci., April 15, 1999; 19(8): 3007 - 3022. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. J. Burden The formation of neuromuscular synapses Genes & Dev., January 15, 1998; 12(2): 133 - 148. [Full Text]

				M. Matise and C Lance-Jones A critical period for the specification of motor pools in the chick lumbosacral spinal cord Development, January 2, 1996; 122(2): 659 - 669. [Abstract] [PDF]