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Assessment of cardiac sympathetic regulation by respiratory-related arterial pressure variability in the rat

Cheryl C. H. Yang and Terry B. J. Kuo *

Mechanical ventilation evokes a corresponding arterial pressure variability (APV) which is decreased by -adrenoceptor antagonism. Therefore, in this study we set out to determine whether the respiratory-related APV can be used to assess cardiac sympathetic tone.

Computer-generated broad-band mechanical ventilation (0-3 Hz) was applied to Sprague-Dawley rats that had been anaesthetized with ketamine and paralysed with pancuronium. APV and its relationship to lung volume variability (LVV-APV) was systematically quantified with auto- or cross-spectral frequency domain analysis.

APV and LVV-APV transfer magnitudes between 0·5 and 1·5 Hz showed dose-dependent suppression by propranolol from 0·01 to 1 mg kg^-1, while the static value of arterial pressure remained unchanged. Stroke volume variability, assessed by the use of a pulse contour method, exhibited a similar pattern of suppression by propranolol. In contrast, heart rate variability was not lowered with propranolol.

The effect of propranolol on respiratory-related APV persisted even in the presence of combined -adrenoceptor and muscarinic receptor blockade by phentolamine and atropine.

The frequency range of 0·5-1·0 Hz was optimal for LVV-APV transfer magnitude to correlate with cardiac sympathetic tone.

We conclude that respiratory-related APV may provide a valid assessment of cardiac sympathetic regulation which is independent of parasympathetic and vascular sympathetic influences in ketamine-anaesthetized and positive pressure-ventilated rats.

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