HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Dmitriev, A. V. Articles by Mangel, S. C. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Dmitriev, A. V. Articles by Mangel, S. C.

A circadian clock regulates the pH of the fish retina

Andrey V. Dmitriev and Stuart C. Mangel

1. Although it is generally accepted that the acid/base ratio of tissue, as represented by the pH, is strictly regulated to maintain normal function, recent studies in the nervous system have shown that neuronal activity can result in significant shifts in pH. In the vertebrate retina, many cellular phenomena, including neuronal activity, are regulated by a circadian clock. We thus investigated whether a circadian clock regulates the pH of the retina.

2. pH-sensitive microelectrodes were used to measure the extracellular pH of the in vitro goldfish retina superfused with a bicarbonate-based Ringer solution in the subjective day and night; that is, under conditions of constant darkness.

3. These measurements demonstrated that a circadian clock regulates the pH of the vertebrate retina so that the pH is lower at night compared to the day. This day-night difference in retinal pH was observed at two different values of Ringer solution pH, indicating that the circadian phenomenon is independent of the superfusion conditions.

4. The circadian-induced shift in pH was several times greater than light-induced pH changes and large enough to influence synaptic transmission between retinal neurons.

5. These findings indicate that a circadian clock regulates the pH of the vertebrate retina. Thus, an intrinsic oscillator in neural tissue may modulate metabolic activity and pH as part of normal daily function.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				R. Segev, E. Schneidman, J. Goodhouse, and M. J. Berry II Role of Eye Movements in the Retinal Code for a Size Discrimination Task J Neurophysiol, September 1, 2007; 98(3): 1380 - 1391. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. G. Jonz and S. Barnes Proton modulation of ion channels in isolated horizontal cells of the goldfish retina J. Physiol., June 1, 2007; 581(2): 529 - 541. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Hull, K. Studholme, S. Yazulla, and H. von Gersdorff Diurnal Changes in Exocytosis and the Number of Synaptic Ribbons at Active Zones of an ON-Type Bipolar Cell Terminal J Neurophysiol, October 1, 2006; 96(4): 2025 - 2033. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. V. Dmitriev and S. C. Mangel Electrical Feedback in the Cone Pedicle: A Computational Analysis J Neurophysiol, March 1, 2006; 95(3): 1419 - 1427. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Ribelayga and S. C. Mangel A Circadian Clock and Light/Dark Adaptation Differentially Regulate Adenosine in the Mammalian Retina J. Neurosci., January 5, 2005; 25(1): 215 - 222. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. J. A Molina, M. P Verzi, A. D Birnbaum, E. N Yamoah, K. Hammar, P. J. S Smith, and R. P. Malchow Neurotransmitter modulation of extracellular H+ fluxes from isolated retinal horizontal cells of the skate J. Physiol., November 1, 2004; 560(3): 639 - 657. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. V. Dmitriev and S. C. Mangel Retinal pH Reflects Retinal Energy Metabolism in the Day and Night J Neurophysiol, June 1, 2004; 91(6): 2404 - 2412. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Ribelayga, Y. Wang, and S. C. Mangel A circadian clock in the fish retina regulates dopamine release via activation of melatonin receptors J. Physiol., January 15, 2004; 554(2): 467 - 482. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. CHESLER Regulation and Modulation of pH in the Brain Physiol Rev, October 1, 2003; 83(4): 1183 - 1221. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Twig, R. P. Malchow, K. Hammar, P. J. S. Smith, H. Levy, and I. Perlman A Novel Turtle Retinal Preparation for Simultaneously Measuring Light-Induced Electrical Activity and Changes in Metabolite Levels Biol. Bull., October 1, 2002; 203(2): 198 - 200. [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Bebas, B. Cymborowski, and J. M. Giebultowicz Circadian rhythm of acidification in insect vas deferens regulated by rhythmic expression of vacuolar H+-ATPase J. Exp. Biol., January 1, 2002; 205(1): 37 - 44. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. V. Dmitriev and S. C. Mangel Circadian Clock Regulation of pH in the Rabbit Retina J. Neurosci., April 15, 2001; 21(8): 2897 - 2902. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]