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Differences in Ca²⁺ buffering properties between excitatory and inhibitory hippocampal neurons from the rat

Suk-Ho Lee, Christian Rosenmund, Beat Schwaller * and Erwin Neher

1. Endogenous calcium binding ratios (_S) in dendrites of cultured hippocampal neurons were estimated according to the single compartment model for transients in intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration ([Ca²⁺]). In addition, the electrophysiological characteristics of neurons were classified by their autaptic currents and intrinsic firing patterns. These data were analysed in order to determine whether a correlation between Ca²⁺ buffers and electrophysiological type exists.

2. Ca²⁺ binding ratios of endogenous buffers were estimated by eliciting [Ca²⁺] transients with short depolarizations, while cells were loaded with fura-2. Two types of estimates could be obtained: one termed _S(), based on analysing time constants () of [Ca²⁺] transients, and another termed _S(dCa), derived from an analysis of initial amplitudes of [Ca²⁺] transients.

3. Values for _S() and _S(dCa) were estimated as 57 ± 10 (mean ± s.d., n = 10) and 60 ± 14 (n = 10), respectively, in excitatory neurons, and 130 ± 50 (n = 11) and 150 ± 70 (n = 11), respectively, in inhibitory neurons. The _S values of excitatory and inhibitory cells were significantly different from each other, regardless of the measurement method (Student's t test, P < 0·01). However, there was no significant difference in _S between the groups classified according to firing patterns.

4. Although _S() values were well matched to those of _S(dCa) in most excitatory cells, the two values did not agree in three out of the fourteen inhibitory cells investigated. In these cells, the first few [Ca²⁺] transients after obtaining the whole cell configuration displayed a double exponential decay, suggesting that buffers with slow binding kinetics, such as parvalbumin, are involved. This hypothesis is further explored in an accompanying paper.

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