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1 Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Patologia Molecolare e Immunologia, Università degli Studi di Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy2 Department of Biochemistry, John Maynard-Smith Building, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
Studies of the responses of porcine pulmonary endothelial cells to acute hypertonic stress have been extended by examining the induction and underlying mechanisms of cell tolerance to both osmotic and heat stresses. Preliminary adaptation of these cells to 0.4osmol (kg H2O)-1 rendered them tolerant either to subsequent severe osmotic stress (0.7osmol (kg H2O)-1) or to subsequent severe heat shock (50 min at 49°C). In contrast, preliminary exposure of the cells to mild heat shock (44°C for 30 min) induced tolerance only to severe heat shock, not to hyperosmotic stress. Induction of tolerance to heat shock by either procedure correlated with the induced expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). Induction of tolerance to hyperosmotic stress, on the other hand, was associated with the cellular accumulation of osmolytes, such as amino acids, betaine and myo-inositol, and did not correlate with the induced expression of HSP70. It also required a reduction in the final change of osmotic pressure applied to the cells, such that maximum cell shrinkage would not be much more than 40%. In general, therefore, HSP70 and compatible osmolytes have distinct roles in cellular adaptation to these stresses.
(Received 20 November 2003;
accepted after revision 7 January 2004;
first published online 14 January 2004)
Corresponding author K. P. Wheeler: Department of Biochemistry, John Maynard-Smith Building, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK. Email: k.p.wheeler{at}sussex.ac.uk
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