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TOPICAL REVIEW |
1 Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA2 Tayside Institute of Child Health, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee University, Dundee DD19SY, UK
The tracheobronchial submucosal glands secrete liquid that is important for hydrating airway surfaces, supporting mucociliary transport, and serving as a fluid matrix for numerous secreted macromolecules including the gel-forming mucins. This review details the essential structural elements of airway glands and summarizes what is currently known regarding the ion transport processes responsible for producing the liquid component of gland secretion. Liquid secretion most likely arises from serous cells and is principally under neural control with muscarinic agonists, substance P, and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) functioning as effective secretogogues. Liquid secretion is driven by the active transepithelial secretion of both Cl– and HCO3– and at least a portion of this process is mediated by the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), which is highly expressed in glands. The potential role of submucosal glands in cystic fibrosis lung disease is discussed.
(Received 5 August 2003;
accepted after revision 4 December 2003;
first published online 5 December 2003)
Corresponding author S. T. Ballard: Department of Physiology, MSB 3074, University of South Alabama, Mobile AL 36688, USA. Email: sballard{at}usouthal.edu
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