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Department of Physiology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
Low birth weight is associated with altered adipose tissue deposition and regulation of leptin production. This study determined the effects of naturally occurring variations in birth weight in pigs on postnatal growth patterns, body fat depth and plasma leptin and other hormone concentrations. Low (< 1.47 kg) and high (> 1.53 kg) birth weight piglets were studied at 3 months (juvenile; n= 47) and 12 months of age (young adult; n= 17). At each age, arterial and venous catheters were inserted under general anaesthesia. Plasma leptin, cortisol, glucose, insulin and catecholamine concentrations were determined in basal blood samples. Body fat depth was measured by ultrasound at 12 months of age. Overall, adult fat depth was greater in low compared to high birth weight pigs and increased fat depth was associated with thinness at birth and poor early growth rates. These effects were strongest in females. Fat depth was related to current weight only in males. Compared to high birth weight pigs, plasma leptin concentrations were reduced in low birth weight females at 3 months and in low birth weight males at 12 months of age. This study demonstrates sex-specific effects of low birth weight on postnatal growth and body fatness and on plasma leptin concentrations in pigs.
(Received 21 January 2004;
accepted after revision 26 April 2004;
first published online 30 April 2004)
Corresponding author K. R. Poore: Centre for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, University of Southampton, Princess Anne Hospital, Level F (MP 887), Coxford Road, Southampton SO16 5YA, UK. Email: kpoore{at}soton.ac.uk
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