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1 Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
2 Instituto de Histologia e Embriologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
Using tight-seal recordings from rat spinal cord slices, intracellular labelling and computer simulation, we analysed the mechanisms of spike frequency adaptation in substantia gelatinosa (SG) neurones. Adapting-firing neurones (AFNs) generated short bursts of spikes during sustained depolarization and were mostly found in lateral SG. The firing pattern and the shape of single spikes did not change after substitution of Ca2+ with Co2+, Mg2+ or Cd2+ indicating that Ca2+-dependent conductances do not contribute to adapting firing. Transient KA current was small and completely inactivated at resting potential suggesting that adapting firing was mainly generated by voltage-gated Na+ and delayed-rectifier K+ (KDR) currents. Although these currents were similar to those previously described in tonic-firing neurones (TFNs), we found that Na+ and KDR currents were smaller in AFNs. Discharge pattern in TFNs could be reversibly converted into that typical of AFNs in the presence of tetrodotoxin but not tetraethylammonium, suggesting that lower Na+ conductance is more critical for the appearance of firing adaptation. Intracellularly labelled AFNs showed specific morphological features and preserved long extensively branching axons, indicating that smaller Na+ conductance could not result from the axon cut. Computer simulation has further revealed that down-regulation of Na+ conductance represents an effective mechanism for the induction of firing adaptation. It is suggested that the cell-specific regulation of Na+ channel expression can be an important factor underlying the diversity of firing patterns in SG neurones.
(Received 13 April 2004;
accepted after revision 25 June 2004;
first published online 2 July 2004)
Corresponding author Boris V. Safronov: Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal. Email: safronov{at}ibmc.up.pt
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