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1 Michigan Gastrointestinal Peptide Center, Department of Surgery
2 Department of Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
Ghrelin, a gastric peptide hormone, has been reported to regulate growth hormone secretion and energy homeostasis. Here we show that ghrelin promotes neural proliferation in vivo and in vitro in the rat dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMNV). Ghrelin receptor mRNA and immunoreactivity were detected in tissues from DMNV. Systemic administration of ghrelin (130 nmol kg–1) significantly increased 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation in the DMNV in adult rats with cervical vagotomy (BrdU positive cells; from 27 ± 4 to 69 ± 14 n= 5, P < 0.05). In vitro, exposure of cultured DMNV neurones to ghrelin significantly increased the percentage of BrdU incorporation into cells in both dose-dependent (10–9–10–6M), and time-dependent (6 h to 48 h) manners. Ghrelin significantly increased voltage-activated calcium currents in isolated single DMNV neurones from a mean maximal change of 141 ± 26 pA to 227 ± 37 pA. Upon removal of ghrelin, calcium currents slowly returned to baseline. Blocking L-type calcium channels by diltiazem (10 µM) significantly attenuated ghrelin-mediated increments in BrdU incorporation (n= 5, P < 0.05). Ghrelin acts directly on DMNV neurones to stimulate neurogenesis.
(Received 8 March 2004;
accepted after revision 19 July 2004;
first published online 21 July 2004)
Corresponding author M. W. Mulholland: 2101 Taubman, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0346, USA. Email: micham{at}umich.edu
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