| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 Department of Physiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 660-751, Korea
2 National Livestock Research Institute, Rural Development Administration, Namwon 590-832, Korea
3 Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, The Chicago Medical School, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
TREK-1, TREK-2 and TRAAK are members of the two-pore domain K+ (K2P) channel family and are activated by membrane stretch and free fatty acids. TREK-1 has been shown to be sensitive to temperature in expression systems. We studied the temperature-sensitivity of TREK-2 and TRAAK in COS-7 cells and in neuronal cells. In transfected COS-7 cells, TREK-2 and TRAAK whole-cell currents increased 
20-fold as the bath temperature was raised from 24°C to 42°C. Similarly, in cell-attached patches of COS-7 cells, channel activity was very low, but increased progressively as the bath temperature was raised from 24°C to 42°C. The thresholds for activation of TREK-2 and TRAAK were 25°C and 31°C, respectively. Other K2P channels such as TASK-3 and TRESK-2 were not significantly affected by an increase in temperature from 24°C to 37°C. When the C-terminus of TREK-2 was replaced with that of TASK-3, its sensitivity to free fatty acids and protons was abolished, but the mutant could still be activated by heat. At 37°C, TREK-1, TREK-2 and TRAAK were sensitive to arachidonic acid, pH and membrane stretch in both cell-attached and inside-out patches. In cerebellar granule and dorsal root ganglion neurones, TREK-1, TREK-2 and TRAAK were generally inactive in the cell-attached state at 24°C, but became very active at 37°C. In cell-attached patches of ventricular myocytes, TREK-1 was also normally closed at 24°C, but was active at 37°C. These results show that TREK-2 and TRAAK are also temperature-sensitive channels, are active at physiological body temperature, and therefore would contribute to the background K+ conductance and regulate cell excitability in response to various physical and chemical stimuli.
(Received 10 December 2004;
accepted after revision 24 January 2005;
first published online 27 January 2005)
Corresponding author D. Kim: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA. Email: donghee.kim{at}rosalindfranklin.edu
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  H. Zhang, N. Shepherd, and T. L. Creazzo Temperature-sensitive TREK currents contribute to setting the resting membrane potential in embryonic atrial myocytes J. Physiol., August 1, 2008; 586(15): 3645 - 3656. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Cohen, Y. Ben-Abu, S. Hen, and N. Zilberberg A Novel Mechanism for Human K2P2.1 Channel Gating: FACILITATION OF C-TYPE GATING BY PROTONATION OF EXTRACELLULAR HISTIDINE RESIDUES J. Biol. Chem., July 11, 2008; 283(28): 19448 - 19455. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Ni and L.-Y. Lee Effect of increasing temperature on TRPV1-mediated responses in isolated rat pulmonary sensory neurons Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, March 1, 2008; 294(3): L563 - L571. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. D. Boada and C. J. Woodbury Physiological Properties of Mouse Skin Sensory Neurons Recorded Intracellularly In Vivo: Temperature Effects on Somal Membrane Properties J Neurophysiol, August 1, 2007; 98(2): 668 - 680. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Yang, E. Esteve, I. N. Pessah, T. F. Molinski, P. D. Allen, and J. R. Lopez Elevated resting [Ca2+]i in myotubes expressing malignant hyperthermia RyR1 cDNAs is partially restored by modulation of passive calcium leak from the SR Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, May 1, 2007; 292(5): C1591 - C1598. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Madrid, T. Donovan-Rodriguez, V. Meseguer, M. C. Acosta, C. Belmonte, and F. Viana Contribution of TRPM8 Channels to Cold Transduction in Primary Sensory Neurons and Peripheral Nerve Terminals J. Neurosci., November 29, 2006; 26(48): 12512 - 12525. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Kang, J. Han, and D. Kim Mechanism of inhibition of TREK-2 (K2P10.1) by the Gq-coupled M3 muscarinic receptor Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, October 1, 2006; 291(4): C649 - C656. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Simon Ion channel proteins in neuronal temperature transduction: from inferences to testable theories of deep-body thermosensitivity Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, September 1, 2006; 291(3): R515 - R517. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Wechselberger, C. L. Wright, G. A. Bishop, and J. A. Boulant Ionic channels and conductance-based models for hypothalamic neuronal thermosensitivity Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, September 1, 2006; 291(3): R518 - R529. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Brock, M. C. Acosta, A. Al Abed, S. Pianova, and C. Belmonte Barium ions inhibit the dynamic response of guinea-pig corneal cold receptors to heating but not to cooling J. Physiol., September 1, 2006; 575(2): 573 - 581. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. M. Bryan Jr., J. You, S. C. Phillips, J. J. Andresen, E. E. Lloyd, P. A. Rogers, S. E. Dryer, and S. P. Marrelli Evidence for two-pore domain potassium channels in rat cerebral arteries Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2006; 291(2): H770 - H780. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Kang and D. Kim TREK-2 (K2P10.1) and TRESK (K2P18.1) are major background K+ channels in dorsal root ganglion neurons Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, July 1, 2006; 291(1): C138 - C146. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Xian Tao Li, V. Dyachenko, M. Zuzarte, C. Putzke, R. Preisig-Muller, G. Isenberg, and J. Daut The stretch-activated potassium channel TREK-1 in rat cardiac ventricular muscle Cardiovasc Res, January 1, 2006; 69(1): 86 - 97. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. J. Enyeart, S. J. Danthi, H. Liu, and J. A. Enyeart Angiotensin II Inhibits bTREK-1 K+ Channels in Adrenocortical Cells by Separate Ca2+- and ATP Hydrolysis-dependent Mechanisms J. Biol. Chem., September 2, 2005; 280(35): 30814 - 30828. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. de la Pena, A. Malkia, H. Cabedo, C. Belmonte, and F. Viana The contribution of TRPM8 channels to cold sensing in mammalian neurones J. Physiol., September 1, 2005; 567(2): 415 - 426. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
