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J Physiol Volume 564, Number 1, 117-129, April 1, 2005 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2004.081935
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PIP2 hydrolysis underlies agonist-induced inhibition and regulates voltage gating of two-pore domain K+ channels

Coeli M. B Lopes1, Tibor Rohács1, Gábor Czirják2, Tamás Balla3, Péter Enyedi2,3 and Diomedes E Logothetis1

1 Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
2 Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, H-1444, Hungary
3 Endocrinology and Reproduction Research Branch, NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA

Two-pore (2-P) domain potassium channels are implicated in the control of the resting membrane potential, hormonal secretion, and the amplitude, frequency and duration of the action potential. These channels are strongly regulated by hormones and neurotransmitters. Little is known, however, about the mechanism underlying their regulation. Here we show that phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) gating underlies several aspects of 2-P channel regulation. Our results demonstrate that all four 2-P channels tested, TASK1, TASK3, TREK1 and TRAAK are activated by PIP2. We show that mechanical stimulation may promote PIP2 activation of TRAAK channels. For TREK1, TASK1 and TASK3 channels, PIP2 hydrolysis underlies inhibition by several agonists. The kinetics of inhibition by the PIP2 scavenger polylysine, and the inhibition by the phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase inhibitor wortmannin correlated with the level of agonist-induced inhibition. This finding suggests that the strength of channel PIP2 interactions determines the extent of PLC-induced inhibition. Finally, we show that PIP2 hydrolysis modulates voltage dependence of TREK1 channels and the unrelated voltage-dependent KCNQ1 channels. Our results suggest that PIP2 is a common gating molecule for K+ channel families despite their distinct structures and physiological properties.

(Received 21 December 2004; accepted after revision 24 January 2005; first published online 27 January 2005)
Corresponding authors D. E. Logothetis: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA. Email: diomedes.logothetis{at}mssm.edu P. Enyedi: Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary, H-1444. Email: enyedi{at}puskin.sote.hu


C. M. B. Lopes and T. Rohács contributed equally to this work.




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