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1 Department of Vegetative Physiology, University of Cologne, Koeln, Germany
2 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
3 Department of Pediatrics, Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039, USA
Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC) has been linked to mutations in sarcomeric proteins such as human cardiac troponin I (hcTnI). To elucidate the functional consequences of the mutation hcTnIR145G on crossbridge kinetics, force kinetics were analysed in murine cardiac myofibrils carrying either the mutant or the wild-type protein. The mutation was introduced into the myofibrils in two different ways: in the first approach, the endogenous Tn was replaced by incubation of the myofibrils with an excess of reconstituted recombinant hcTn containing either hcTnIWT or hcTnIR145G. Alternatively, myofibrils were isolated either from non-transgenic or transgenic mice expressing the corresponding mcTnIR146G mutation. In myofibrils from both models, the mutation leads to a significant upward shift of the passive force–sarcomere length relation determined at pCa 7.5. Addition of 5 mM BDM (2,3-butandione-2-monoxime), an inhibitor of actomyosin ATPase partially reverses this shift, suggesting that the mutation impairs the normal function of cTnI to fully inhibit formation of force-generating crossbridges in the absence of Ca2+. Maximum force development (Fmax) is significantly decreased by the mutation only in myofibrils exchanged with hcTnIR145G in vitro. Ca2+ sensitivity of force development was reduced by the mutation in myofibrils from transgenic mice but not in exchanged myofibrils. In both models the rate constant of force development kACT is reduced at maximal [Ca2+] but not at low [Ca2+] where it is rather increased. Force relaxation is significantly prolonged due to a reduction of the relaxation rate constant kREL. We therefore assume that the impairment in the regulatory function of TnI by the mutation leads to modulations in crossbridge kinetics that significantly alter the dynamics of myofibrillar contraction and relaxation.
(Received 11 November 2004;
accepted after revision 11 February 2005;
first published online 17 February 2005)
Corresponding author M. Kruger: Dept. of General Zoology and Genetics, Westfälische Wilhelms University of Muenster, Schlossplatz 5, D-48149 Muenster, Germany. Email: makruger{at}uni-muenster.de
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