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1 Department of Kinesiology, Exercise and Metabolism Research Group, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4K1
2 Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
The purpose of the present investigation was to determine how fasted-state protein synthesis was affected, acutely, by resistance training. Eight men (24.8 ± 1.7 years, body mass index = 23.2 ± 1.0 kg m–2; means ± S.E.M.) undertook an 8 week programme of unilateral resistance exercise training (3 sessions week–1, progression from two to four sets; intensity was 80% of the subjects' single repetition maximum (1RM): knee extension and leg press). Following training, subjects underwent two primed constant infusions of L-[ring-13C6]phenylalanine to determine mixed and myofibrillar muscle protein synthesis (MPS) at rest and 12 h after an acute bout of resistance exercise at the same exercise intensity – each leg 80% of 1RM. Biopsies (vastus lateralis) were taken to measure incorporation of labelled phenylalanine into mixed and myofibrillar skeletal muscle proteins and yield fractional MPS. Training resulted in significant dynamic strength gains that were greater (P < 0.001) in the trained leg. Hypertrophy of type IIa and IIx fibres (P < 0.05) was observed following training. After training, resting mixed MPS rate was elevated (+48%; P < 0.05). Acutely, resistance exercise stimulated mixed MPS only in the untrained leg (P < 0.05). Myofibrillar MPS was unchanged at rest following training (P = 0.61). Myofibrillar MPS increased after resistance exercise (P < 0.05), but was not different between the trained and untrained legs (P = 0.36). We observed divergent changes in resting mixed versus myofibrillar protein synthesis with training. In addition, resistance training modified the acute response of MPS to resistance exercise by dampening the increased synthesis of non-myofibrillar proteins while maintaining the synthesis of myofibrillar proteins.
(Received 27 June 2005;
accepted after revision 22 July 2005;
first published online 28 July 2005)
Corresponding author S. M. Phillips: Department of Kinesiology, IWC AB116, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street W., Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4K1. Email: phillis{at}mcmaster.ca
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