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J Physiol Volume 569, Number 2, 643-653, December 1, 2005 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2005.098012
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Ca2+/calmodulin protein kinase II and memory: learning-related changes in a localized region of the domestic chick brain

Revaz O. Solomonia1, Adam Kotorashvili1, Tamar Kiguradze1, Brian J. McCabe2 and Gabriel Horn2

1 Institute of Physiology, Georgian Academy of Sciences, 14 L. Gotua Str., Tbilisi 380060, Republic of Georgia
2 Sub-Department of Animal Behaviour, University of Cambridge, Madingley, Cambridge CB3 8AA, UK

The role of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in the recognition memory of visual imprinting was investigated. Domestic chicks were exposed to a training stimulus and learning strength measured. Trained chicks, together with untrained chicks, were killed either 1 h or 24 h after training. The intermediate and medial hyperstriatum ventrale/mesopallium (IMHV/IMM), a forebrain memory storage site, was removed together with a control brain region, the posterior pole of the neostriatum/nidopallium (PPN). Amounts of membrane total {alpha}CaMKII (tCaMKII) and Thr286-autophosphorylated {alpha}CaMKII (apCAMKII) were measured. For the IMHV/IMM 1 h group, apCaMKII amount and apCAMKII/tCaMKII increased as chicks learned. The magnitude of the molecular changes were positively correlated with learning strength. No learning-related effects were observed in PPN, or in either region at 24 h. These results suggest that CaMKII is involved in the formation of memory but not in its maintenance.

(Received 2 September 2005; accepted after revision 20 September 2005; first published online 22 September 2005)
Corresponding author G. Horn: Sub-Department of Animal Behaviour, Madingley, Cambridge CB3 8AA, UK. Email: gh105{at}cam.ac.uk







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