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Topical Review |
1 Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, and Department of Animal and Range Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105-5727, USA
2 Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, AB21 9SB, UK
3 Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics, Department of Animal Science, 442 Kleberg Center, 2471TAMU, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843–2471, USA
The placenta is the organ that transports nutrients, respiratory gases, and wastes between the maternal and fetal systems. Consequently, placental blood flow and vascular development are essential components of normal placental function and are critical to fetal growth and development. Normal fetal growth and development are important to ensure optimum health of offspring throughout their subsequent life course. In numerous sheep models of compromised pregnancy, in which fetal or placental growth, or both, are impaired, utero-placental blood flows are reduced. In the models that have been evaluated, placental vascular development also is altered. Recent studies found that treatments designed to increase placental blood flow can ‘rescue’ fetal growth that was reduced due to low maternal dietary intake. Placental blood flow and vascular development are thus potential therapeutic targets in compromised pregnancies.
(Received 23 December 2005;
accepted after revision 6 February 2006;
first published online 9 February 2006)
Corresponding author L. P. Reynolds: Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, and Department of Animal & Range Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo ND 58105-5727, USA. Email: larry.reynolds{at}ndsu.edu
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