| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
INTEGRATIVE |
ev1
1
eljko Duji1
1 Department of Physiology, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
2 Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
Diving-induced acute alterations in cardiovascular function such as arterial endothelial dysfunction, increased pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and reduced heart function have been recently reported. We tested the effects of acute antioxidants on arterial endothelial function, PAP and heart function before and after a field dive. Vitamins C (2 g) and E (400 IU) were given to subjects 2 h before a second dive (protocol 1) and in a placebo-controlled crossover study design (protocol 2). Seven experienced divers performed open sea dives to 30 msw with standard decompression in a non-randomized protocol, and six of them participated in a randomized trial. Before and after the dives ventricular volumes and function and pulmonary and brachial artery function were assessed by ultrasound. The control dive resulted in a significant reduction in flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and heart function with increased mean PAP. Twenty-four hours after the control dive FMD was still reduced 37% below baseline (8.1 versus 5.1%, P
= 0.005), while right ventricle ejection fraction (RV-EF), left ventricle EF and endocardial fractional shortening were reduced much less (
2–3%). At the same time RV end-systolic volume was increased by 9% and mean PAP by 5%. Acute antioxidants significantly attenuated only the reduction in FMD post-dive (P < 0.001), while changes in pulmonary artery and heart function were unaffected by antioxidant ingestion. These findings were confirmed by repeating the experiments in a randomized study design. FMD returned to baseline values 72 h after the dive with pre-dive placebo, whereas for most cardiovascular parameters this occurred earlier (24–48 h). Right ventricular dysfunction and increased PAP lasted longer. Acute antioxidants attenuated arterial endothelial dysfunction after diving, while reduction in heart and pulmonary artery function were unchanged. Cardiovascular changes after diving are not fully reversed up to 3 days after a dive, suggesting longer lasting negative effects.
(Received 3 October 2006;
accepted after revision 26 October 2006;
first published online 16 November 2006)
Corresponding author
. Duji: Department of Physiology, University of Split School of Medicine, Soltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia. Email: zdujic{at}bsb.mefst
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  D. Glavas, A. Markotic, Z. Valic, N. Kovacic, I. Palada, R. Martinic, T. Breskovic, D. Bakovic, A. O. Brubakk, and Z. Dujic Expression of Endothelial Selectin Ligands on Human Leukocytes Following Dive Experimental Biology and Medicine, September 1, 2008; 233(9): 1181 - 1188. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. A. Black, N. T. Cable, D. H.J. Thijssen, and D. J. Green Importance of Measuring the Time Course of Flow-Mediated Dilatation in Humans Hypertension, February 1, 2008; 51(2): 203 - 210. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Marabotti, A. L'Abbate, and R. Bedini Cardiac changes after SCUBA diving: the evasive shape of right ventricle J. Physiol., August 15, 2007; 583(1): 405 - 405. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Highlights From The Literature Physiology, April 1, 2007; 22(2): 70 - 72. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Z. Valic, I. Palada, and Z. Dujic Short-acting NO donor and decompression sickness in humans J Appl Physiol, April 1, 2007; 102(4): 1725 - 1725. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
