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Received April 1, 2004
Revised April 30, 2004
Accepted after revision June 25, 2004
1 INSERM U-114, College de France
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: laurent.venance{at}college-de-france.fr.
Constituted by interconnected sub-cortical nuclei and connected to the thalamus and all cortical areas, basal ganglia are involved in sensory motor control, limbic functions and cognition. The striatal output neurons (SONs), the major striatal population, act as detector and integrator of distributed patterns of cerebral cortex inputs. Despite the key role of SONs in cortico-striatal information processing, little is known about their local interactions. Electrical and GABAergic transmissions could be demonstrated between SONs in rat brain slices. Tracer-coupling (biocytin) incidence was high during the two first postnatal weeks and then decreases (P5-25: 60% and P25-30: 29%, n=61). Electrical coupling was observed between 27% of SONs pairs (coupling coefficient: 3.1±0.3%, n=89 at P15) and as shown by single-cell RT-PCR, several connexin (Cx) mRNAs were found to be expressed (Cx31.1, Cx32, Cx36 and Cx47). GABAergic synaptic transmission (abolished by the bicuculline, a GABAa receptor antagonist) observed in 19% of SONs pairs (n=62) was reliable, precise, strong and unidirectional. The mean IPSC peak amplitude was 29.6±7.5 pA, latency 0.58±0.03 ms, 10-90% rise time 1.03±0.10 ms, mono-exponential decay 9.23±0.67 ms with a failure range of 0-67%. Interestingly, electrical and chemical transmissions were mutually exclusive. These results suggest that preferential networks of electrically and chemically connected SONs, might be involved in the channeling of cortico-basal ganglia information processing.
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