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Received May 27, 2004
Revised June 29, 2004
Accepted after revision July 26, 2004
1 Medical College of Wisconsin
2 Medical College of Wisconsin
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: sengupta{at}mcw.edu.
The common co-existence of fibromyalgia and chronic abdominal pain could be due to sensitization of spinal neurons (SNs), as a result of viscero-somatic convergence. The objective of this study is to explore the influence of acute nociceptive somatic stimulation in the form of acid injections, into the ipsilateral somatic receptive field of neurons responsive to colorectal distension (CRD), and the potential role of ionotropic glutamate receptors on sensitization. Action potentials of CRD-sensitive SNs were recorded extracellularly from the lumbar (L2-L5) spinal cord. Stimulus-response functions (SRFs) to graded CRD (10-80mmHg, 30s) were constructed before and 30 minutes after ipsilateral injection of low pH (4.0, 100 microliter) saline into the somatic receptive fields. In some experiments, cervical (C1-C2) spinalization was performed to eliminate supraspinal influence. Selective NMDA receptor antagonist CGS 19755 and AMPA receptor antagonist NBQX- were injected (25 micromol/kg, i.v.) to examine their influence on sensitization. Three types of neurons were characterized as short-latency abrupt (SLA, n=24), short latency sustained (SLS, n=12), and long-latency (LL, n=6) to CRD. Ipsilateral injection of low pH (4.0) in the somatic receptive field, but not the contralateral gastrocnemius (GN) or front leg muscles, sensitized responses of these neurons to CRD. Spinalization had no influence on the development of low pH-induced sensitization. Both CGS 19755 and NBQX significantly attenuated the sensitized response to CRD in intact and spinalized animals. Acute nociceptive somatic stimulus sensitizes CRD-sensitive SNs receiving viscero-somatic convergence. The sensitization occurs at the spinal level and is independent of supraspinal influence. Ionotropic glutamate receptors in the spinal cord are involved in sensitization.
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