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Received December 14, 2004
Revised January 26, 2005
Accepted after revision February 17, 2005
1 University of Colorado
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: rmoore{at}spot.colorado.edu.
The cardioprotective effects of short-term exercise against myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury in male and female rats were examined. We subjected male and female rats to 0 (Sed; n = 8 males and 8 females), 1 (1 day; n = 10 males and 8 females), or 5 (5 day; n = 6 males and 6 females) days of treadmill running. Langendorff-perfused hearts underwent 1 hour of regional ischaemia and 2 hours of reperfusion, and infarct size (expressed as % of the zone at risk; ZAR), left ventricular pressure development, and coronary flow were measured for each heart. Pre-ischaemic pressure development and coronary flow did not differ between the sexes nor were they influenced by exercise. Sed females had significantly smaller infarct sizes (25 ± 3%) than Sed male hearts (37± 3%; P < 0.001). Short-term running significantly reduced infarct size following 1 day (27 ± 3%; P < 0.05) and 5 days (30 ± 4%; P < 0.10) of exercise in males. One day of running did not reduce infarct size in females (19 ± 3%; P = NS), but 5 day females did show a significant reduction in infarct size (13 ± 2%; P < 0.05). There was no relationship between post-ischaemic coronary vascular hyperaemia and infarct size across sexes or exercise training groups. Hearts from Sed females exhibited significantly higher manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) protein expression than hearts from Sed males, but short-term exercise (neither 1 nor 5 days) did not alter MnSOD protein in either sex. Increased sarcolemmal ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channel subunit protein expression (SUR2A and/or Kir6.2) correlated closely with sex-dependent and exercise-acquired protection against myocardial infarction. These data indicate that: 1) sex-dependent and exercise-induced differences in the susceptibility of the heart to ischaemia-reperfusion injury are not associated with improved coronary flow or post-ischaemic hyperaemia; 2) increased MnSOD protein expression is not necessary for exercise-induced protection from infarction; and 3) that one possible mechanism for sex-dependent and exercise-mediated reductions in infarct size involves an increased protein expression of cardiac sarcolemmal KATP channels.
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