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First published online on November 10, 2005.
 Copyright © 2005 by The Physiological Society
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Received September 27, 2005
Revised October 24, 2005
Accepted after revision November 4, 2005

Spatial segregation of neuronal calcium signals encodes different forms of LTP in rat hippocampus

Clarke R Raymond1* and Stephen J Redman1

1 John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: clarke.raymond{at}anu.edu.au.

Calcium regulates numerous processes in the brain. How one signal can coordinate so many diverse actions, even within the same neuron, is the subject of intense investigation. Here we have used two-photon calcium imaging to determine the mechanism that enables calcium to selectively and appropriately induce different forms of long-term potentiation (LTP) in rat hippocampus. Short-lasting LTP (LTP 1) required activation of ryanodine receptors (RyRs), which selectively increased calcium in synaptic spines. LTP of intermediate duration (LTP 2) was dependent on activation of IP3 receptors (IP3Rs) and subsequent calcium release specifically in dendrites. Long-lasting LTP (LTP 3) was selectively dependent on L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels (L-VDCC), which generated somatic calcium influx. Activation of NMDA receptors was necessary, but not sufficient for, the generation of appropriate calcium signals in spines and dendrites, and the induction of LTP 1 and LTP 2. These results suggest that the selective induction of different forms of LTP is achieved via spatial segregation of functionally distinct calcium signals.


Key words: Calcium • Hippocampal slice • Long-term potentiation




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