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First published online on May 18, 2006.
 Copyright © 2006 by The Physiological Society
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Received May 9, 2006
Revised May 11, 2006
Accepted after revision May 15, 2006

AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Integrates Nutrient and Hormonal Signals to Regulate Food Intake and Energy Balance through Effects in the Hypothalamus and Peripheral Tissues

Bingzhong Xue1 and Barbara B. Kahn1*

1 Beth Israel Deaconess Med. Ctr. and Harvard Medical School

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: bkahn{at}bidmc.harvard.edu.

The evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase, AMPK, functions as a cellular fuel gauge that regulates metabolic pathways in glucose and fatty acid metabolism and protein synthesis. Recent data strongly implicate the AMPK/ACC/malonyl CoA pathway in the hypothalamus in the regulation of food intake, body weight and hepatic glucose production. Furthermore, data indicate that AMPK is a mediator of the effects of adipocyte-derived and gut-derived hormones and peptides on fatty acid oxidation and glucose uptake in peripheral tissues. Studies are now elucidating the potential role of kinases upstream of AMPK in these metabolic effects. In addition, recently several novel downstream effectors of AMPK have been identified. The AMPK pathway in the hypothalamus and peripheral tissues coordinately integrates inputs from multiple hormones, peptides and nutrients to maintain energy homeostasis.


Key words: Energy • Metabolism • Protein kinase




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