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The cover illustration shows top left and top right, pseudocolour images of coronal sections through the brains of rats demonstrating binding of radiolabelled leptin (left) and insulin (right) to brain structures (highest binding is denoted by red). Red structures at the base of the brain in the midline represent the arcuate, ventromedial and dorsomedial nuclei of the hypothalamus, which are important sites at which both leptin and insulin act on neurons to regulate energy homeostasis. Images supplied by B. E. Levin.Middle centre,model of the hypothalamic neurocircuits involved in glucose metabolism; middle right, model of the hypothalamic regulation of hepatic glucose production. Images from G. J. Morton, pp. 437-443. Bottom centre and right, coronal sections through the arcuate nucleus of a rat injected with leptin and processed for immunocytochemistry to demonstrate neurons expressing proopiomelanocortin (red cytoplasm, bottom centre) in which leptin stimulated the phosphorylation of pSTAT3 (brown nuclei; bottom centre) or agouti-related peptide (green cytoplasm, bottom right) and pSTAT3 (red nuclei; bottom right). Colocalization of pSTAT3 in each of these neuronal types demonstrates that leptin acts on one of its threemajor downstream signalling pathways (STAT3) in those specific neurons. Images supplied by B. E. Levin. Top centre, middle left and bottom left, images supplied by S. W. Miflin.